Reviewing the microarray data on endometrial adenocarcinomas, there were a few DEGs that have previously been described in literatures and confirmed in this study. For example, VE-822 citations ephrin receptor A1, located at 7q32-q36, is a novel receptor tyrosine kinase gene. The EphA1receptor/ephrin ligand system has been implicated in tumor progression in a number of malignancies where they are strongly involved in tumorigenesis including metastatsis, angiogenesis and invasion. Trefoil factor 3, located at 21q22.3, belongs to a family of small mucin-associated polypeptides that can regulate cancer progression by increasing tumor metastasis. E74-like factor 5 or epithelium –specific ETS factor 2, located at 11p15p13, is a member of the ETS family of transcription factors and has been implicated to play a key role in cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and tumorigenesis. However, a number of the DEGs identified in our study represent novel ones, not captured by previous studies. For example, lysophosphatidic acid receptor 2, mapped at 19p12 locus, is an important extracellular signaling molecule that mediates a wide range of actions such as cell proliferation, cell survival, migration, adhesion, and angiogenesis. Recently, LAPR2 was found to be overexpressed in ovarian tumors and authors have speculated that this gene may contribute to the initiation, progression and even aggressive tumor behavior. Although its cellular function is not clear, KIF14 belongs to the kinesin family and it usually plays an important role in mitosis. Its expression was a predictor of tumor grade and a decreased disease-free survival rate in breast cancer. In our study, the over-expression of KIF14 is an indicator of advanced, late stage EAC. Among the genes under-expressed in late vs. early stages USC, we found nonmetastatic cells 3 located at 16q13, and nuclear receptor subfamily 2 or transcription factor COUP-1 gene, which is mapped at 5q14 locus. NME3 is a member of the nm23 putative suppressor gene family associated with metastasis, differentiation and apoptosis of cancer cells. In our study, the finding of NME3 under-expression in late stage USC might be interpreted as evidence of it functions as a metastasis suppressor. NR2F1, also known as COUP TF1, is chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor. Studies showed the involvement of COUP-TF1 in cell differentiation and growth in endometrial and ovarian cancer cells. Recently, this gene was found to play a role in lymphangeogenesis via regulation of the vascular endothelial growth factor in cancer. HOXD10 belongs to the HOX regulatory family of genes that encode transcription factors which are essential during embryonic development. HOX genes are important for human endometrial development and receptivity. HOXD10 was found to be strongly expressed in normal human uterine tissue. The expression of HOXD10 was extremely reduced in endometrial carcinoma especially in high grade tumors, suggesting that it could have a role in oncogenesis.