We also showed that the number of HIF1a positive cells was significantly higher in BCC than in TE, which might be explained by the fact that BCC tumour nests are generally larger than the TE tumour nests and consequently could be more hypoxic. Nodular BCC tend to have more GLUT1 and PHD2 expression when compared to superficial and infiltrative BCC, which could similarly be due to them being more hypoxic. Advanced Pantethine insights in molecular pathways active in cancer development have already resulted in the development of novel topical and systemic targeted therapies as a rational approach to the management of many cancers. Our results suggest that it might be of interest to further explore the contribution of HIF1 and mTORC1 signalling to BCC and TE growth. Deeper insights into such signalling pathways might eventually result in the identification of novel targets for treatment. Finally a better understanding of alterations in gene expression could be used to develop better histological diagnostics, since at this moment immunohistochemical analysis of HIF, mTORC1 and their target genes does not provide a reliable diagnostic tool for the discrimination of BCC and TE. The cell-attached configuration of the patch-clamp technique respects the integrity of the intracellular milieu. It therefore reflects best the physiological condition of the currents recorded across the membrane patch trapped within the tip of the microelectrode. Patch-clamping of human red cells in this configuration is particularly difficult because of the extreme fragility of the cell membrane, which accounts for the Pramipexole dihydrochloride scarcity of the literature on its application to study channel activity in intact red cells. Although a negative pressure pulse of about 10 mmHg is usually applied to establish GigaOhm seals at the tip of the patch pipette, comparable good seals can be obtained without underpressure, albeit with a lower success rate. Once the seal is established, the membrane deformation induced by the glass pipette, regardless of the intensity of underpressure, is not under experimental control, and may vary from one cell to another.