All these miRNAs were upregulated in ET1-CMs, which is consistent with several studies focused on these markers in different animal Soyosaponin-Aa models of cardiac hypertrophy. Interestingly, we detected hsa-miR-1-2 to be significantly up-regulated in this study. However, it��s expression has been shown to be attenuated in cardiac Glycitein hypertrophy in rat models. This observation highlights the dynamic role of miRNA expression in the pathogenesis of disease under different experiemental conditions. MicroRNA regulation of hypertophy may be caused by direct or indirect targeting of genes. To investigate these mechanisms of gene regulation, we combine our miRNA and mRNA expression data to detect potential miRNAmRNA target pairs. These pairs include primary target genes that encode a wide variety of functional proteins. These include MYC and FOS which have been shown to play a key role in cell proliferation and transformation and are also involved in the regulation of cardiac hypertrophy. In addition, genes like MAP3K9 and MAP2K6 that are essential components of the mitogen-activated protein kinase signal transduction pathways have been linked to heart failure and cardiac hypetrophy are also detected. Other significant predicted targets include transforming growth factors like TGFB2 and transforming growth factor beta receptor, TGFBR3. The three different isoforms of TGF-beta have been shown to play a significant role in myocardial infarction and in the regulation of hypertrophic cardiac remodeling. One major advantage of a miRNA sequencing approach lies in the ability to identify potential miRNAs that remain undetected and thus undescribed using other approaches. This is of particular importance since the annotation of human miRNAs is still limited. We predict several novel miRNAs from the sequencing data based on differential expression. Most of these predicted miRNAs had the characteristic miRNA stem loop structure and some also share a common seed with known mouse miRNAs, indicating possible sequence conservation across species.Several of the predicted gene targets of our novel miRNAs were involved in the regulation of cardiac disease and hypertrophy.